Diamond / Dimond of Counties Derry and Antrim
                                                                                    yDNA Paternal Lineage Study

O Diamain

yDNA

The Y-chromosome is what makes babies male. It is passed, intact, from father to son for about 500 generations. This means that I have exactly the same Y-chromosome as my father and his father and his fathers father, for about 500 generations.
I also have exactly the same y-chromosome as Neal Diamond born 1764 Parish of Maghera, County Derry. Every male Diamond/Dimond descendant of Neal has, therefore, the same y-chromosome as Neal Diamond, and thus the same y-chromosome as me. Neal is used in this example but this applies to any male past or present that is a member of this lineage. We can use this y-chromosome to prove that we are related.

This Y-chromosome follows the same path as our surname. Females do not carry yDNA.

We concern ourselves with two yDNA test results of the y chromosome:

1. A deep or root ancestry Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP): a very slow mutating location used to define haplogroup, a specific population group.

2.  Haplotype: a series of numbers that make a set of allele marker locations/loci on the y chromosome.
Each marker is a look at the length of DNA with repeating sequence of chemical bases.
The set defines the yDNA signature of the lineage.
With enough participants an Ancestral haplotype can be inferred.
Any male that is related in a direct line from the oldest common ancestor of the lineage will match or nearly match the ancestral haplotype.

Haplogroup-Root Ancestry 
I-M284+  Isles-Scot

Lineage haplogroup taxonomy will change in time as new discoveries are made.
What will not change are the SNP test results listed (I-M284).  FTDNA will automatically update your personal pages.

#s 25337, 27805 and 28266 SNP tested for subclades acting as proxy for the rest of the group. # 76417 was tested for M284 and found to be M284+

Result;
          M170+ M223+ M258+ P19+ P38+ M284+ L126+ L137+ M161- M21- M227- M253- M26- M307- M72- P30 P37.2-

   At this time there are two main subgroups of haplogroup I:

• I-M253/I-M307/I-P30/I-P40 has highest frequency in Scandinavia, Iceland, and northwest Europe. In Britain, haplogroup I-M253 is often used as a marker for "invaders," Viking or Anglo-Saxon.

• I-S31 includes I-P37.2, which is the most common form in the Balkans and Sardinia, and I-S23/I-S30/I-S32/I-S33, which reaches its highest frequency along the northwest coast of continental Europe. Within I-S23 et al, I-M223 occurs in Britain and northwest continental Europe. A subgroup of I-M223, namely I-M284, occurs almost exclusively in Britain, so it apparently originated there and has probably been present for thousands of years.

      I2b1a-Isles is found almost exclusively in the British Isles, and heavily from Scotland at that.  In the SMGF database there were no haplotype pedigrees of this variety originating on the continent. Recently, however, a few Isles I1b2a haplotype were found M284+ which is downstream of M223+; so they are I2b1 subclade.  My original M284+ yDNA sample came from a male with stated origins in the Basque population. Examination of Portuguese databases also suggests haplotypes which could be of the M284+ subclade.  Testing of  key haplotypes from this Iberian region are needed.  I2b1 is a candidate haplogroup which may have arrived in the British Isles in pre-Roman times, and perhaps directly from more southwesterly Europe instead of Anglo-Saxon or Scandinavian sources.

Haplogroup I at Wikipedia
 

yDNA Haplotypes
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